P\m-[n-]-Xyhpw
bpàn-t_m-[hpw.
aX-\n-c-t]£ P\m-[n-]-Xy-¯n\pw a\p-jym-h-Imi kwc-£-W-¯n\pw
th¬Sn--bpÅ cmjv{Sob {]{Inb ^e-{]-Zhpw kmÀ°-I-hp-ambn A\p-`-h-th-Zy-am-Ip-¶-Xn\v
`c-W-L-S-\-bn {]k-à-amb hIp-¸p-IÄ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-s¶pw X§Ä P\m-[n-]Xy
hmZn-I-fm-sW¶pw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-IÄ BW-bn-«m aXn-bm-Iptam?. A\o-Xn-IÄ¡pw sImSpw
{Iqc-X-IÄ¡pw \oXo-I-cWw Na-bv¡m³ th¬Sn-- Nn«-s¸-Sp-¯nb thZ-{K-Ù-§-fn aqV-ambn
hniz-kn-¡p¶ P\-§Ä _lp-`q-cn-]-£-am-bn-«pÅ kaq-l-§-fn ssZh-§-fpsS Ah-Im-i-§Ä¡pw
A[n-Im-c-¯n\pw th¬Sn---bpÅ {]tLm-jW§f-ÃmsX a\p-jy³ a\p-jy-\p-th¬Sn-- F¶ Nn´bv¡p
kmwKXy-ap¬S-m-Iptam? kzX-{´-Nn-´-bpsS hfÀ¨-bpsS ^e-ambn bqtdm-]y³
{]t_m-t[m-Z-b-¯n-eq-sS-bmWv bpàn-hm-Z-¯nsâ cmjv{Sob knZv[m-´-§Ä¡v iàn
ssIh-¶-Xv. bpàn-hmZ Bi-b-§sf ]Ãpw \Jhpw D]-tbm-Kn¨v B{I-an-¡p¶ Hcp kaq-l-¯n-tem,
bpàn-t_m-[-¯n-\p-th¬Sn-- {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ {]Øm-\-§sf ]c-ky-ambpw cl-ky-ambpw XIÀ¡m³
{ian-¡p¶ cmjv{Sob I£n-IÄ ià-am-bn-«pÅ {]tZ-i-§-fntem P\m-[n-]Xy kwkv¡m-c-¯n\v
thcp-d-¸n-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã.
\½psS kmaqly kmwkv¡m-cnI kml-Ncyw
Nn´m-io-esc hymIp-e-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p. kzmX-{´y-¯n\pw ka-Xz-¯n\pw kmtlm-Z-cy-¯n\pw
FXn-cmb iàn-IÄ ]qÀÆm-[nIw tijn kw`-cn-¨p-sIm¬Sn---cn-¡p¶p F¶ [mcW ]e-cnepw `oXn
hfÀ¯p¶p. X§-fpsS \nÀÆ-N-\-§Ä¡pw BÚ-IÄ¡pw hnt[-b-am-Im-¯-sXÃmw
XIÀ¡s¸-tS¬S--Xm-sW¶ aX-Iob imTyw \mkvXn-I-cn t]mepw ]SÀ¶p-]n-Sn-¡p-¶p¬tSm F¶p kwi-bn-t¡¬S kml-N-cy-¯n-te-¡mtWm \mw \o§p-¶Xv?.
bpàn-hmZ kwkv¡mcw hyàn-Xe-¯nepw
kmaq-ly-X-e-¯nepw BtKmf hym]-I-amb Hcp AwKo-IrX Pohn-X-ssien bm¡n-am-äm³
sFIy-cm-jv{S-k-`sb {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¯m³
c¬Smw temI-bp-²-¯nsâ A\p-`-h-]mTw D¶-X-cmb _p²n-Po-hn-Isf t{]cn-¸n¨p. bp²m-\-´cw
cq]w \ÂI-s¸« sFIy-cmjv{S NmÀ«À a\p-jym-h-Im-i-§-fpsS kmÀÆ P\o-\-Xbpw Ah
DbÀ¯n-]n-Sn-¡p-¶-Xn\p hyh-Ø-bp¬S-m-t¡¬S--Xnsâ A\n-hm-cy-Xbpw
AwKo-I-cn-¡p-I-bp¬S-mbn (hIp-¸p-IÄ 1(3) 55,56)
apJ-hpcbpw ]Xn-s\m-¶p-h-Ip-¸p-Ifpw DÅ Hcp
Ic-Sp-tcJ sFIy-cm-jv{S-k-`-bpsS ]cn-K-W-\-bv¡p-th¬Sn
a\p-jym-h-Im-i-{]-Jym-]-\-¯nsâ Ic-Sp-cq]w F¶ \ne-bn kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bp¬Sm-bn.
1947 Â Cu Ic-Sp-tc-J-bp¬S-m-¡m-\pÅ I½n-änsb sFIy-cm-jv{S-k` \nb-an-¡p-t¼mÄ Xs¶,
]pXp-Xmbn krjvSn-¡-s¸« bps\kvtIm(UNESCO)AhÀ¡p-th ¬S D]-tZi \nÀt±-i-§Ä \ÂIm³ ZmÀi-\n-I-cpsS Hcp
I½o-j-s\bpw \ntbm-Kn-¡p-I-bp ¬Smbn F¶ hkvXpX P-bnwkv {Kn^n³ Xsâ Hm¬
""lyqa³ dbvävkv'' F¶ {KÙ-¯n {]kvXm-hn-¨n-«p¬S -v.
IcSp tcJ-bpsS aq¶mw hIp-¸n hfsc hyà-ambn
hmbn-¡m-hp-¶, bpàn-hm-Z-Nn-´-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« `mKw ]n¶oSv 1948 Unkw-_À 10 \p
AwKo-I-cn-¨p-h¶ {]Jym-]-\-¯n A{Xbpw {]_-e-amb [mc-bmbn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. tNmZyw
sN¿p-I, ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-I, hnth-Nn-¨p-a-\-Ên-em-¡pI F¶nh a\p-jy-Po-hn-I-fpsS
ASn-Øm-\-kz-`m-h-am-sW¶v IcSp tcJ-bn D¬Sm-bn-cp¶p C{X-IqSn AXn ]dªp:
""sXäp-IÄ- C-ÃmXm¡p-¶-Xn\v kIe
hnizm-k-§-sfbpw bpàn-bp-sSbpw hnaÀi\ _p²n-bp-sSbpw kq£va ]cn-tim-[-\bv¡p
hnt[-b-am-t¡--¬SXm-h-iy-am-Wv. ]cn-tim-[n-¡-s¸-«n-«n-Ãm¯ hnizmkw sh¨p-]p-eÀ¯m³
sImÅnÃ.''
]Xn-t\gmw \qäm¬S-nepw aäpw tkzOm-\p-kmcw
`cWw \S-¯n-bn-cp¶ cmPm-¡-·m-cn \n¶v cmjv{Sob ]ucm-h-Im-i-§Ä ]nSn-¨p-hm-t§¬S-Xv
tI{µ-{]-iv\-am-bn-cp-¶p. hn¹-h-§-fn-eq-sSbpw aäpw A[n-Im-c-¯n-te-dnb iàn-Ifpw
tkzOm-[n-]-Xn-I-fmb hyàn-Ifpw `cWw hns«m-gn-bp-¶-Xn-\p-th¬Sn P\-§Ä
sXcp-hn-en-d-t§¬S-n-h-cp¶ ØnXn-hn-tijw XpS-cp-¶p. B[p-\n-IXs¡Xn-cmb iàn-IÄ ka-{Km-[n-]Xy
kwhn-[m-\-§Ä Øm]n-¨p-In-«p-¶-Xn-\p-th¬Sn P\m-[n-]Xyw Dd-¨n-«n-Ãm-¯-tXm,
\ma-am-{X-ambn \ne-\n¡p-¶tXm Bb CS-§-fn e`y-amb P\m-[n-]-Xy-kw-hn-[m-\-§sf
Xs¶ Zpcp-]-tbm-K-¯n\p hnt[-b-am-¡p-¶p. C¶v a\p-jym-h-Im-i-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ
hen-¨p-\o-«nb \nÀÆ-N-\-§Ä hn]--coX ^ew sN¿p¶n-S-t¯-¡mtWm \o§p-¶Xv F¶p-t]mepw
kwi-bn-t¡¬S kml-N-cy-ap¬S-v.
"a\p-jysâ Ah-Im-i-§sf kw_-Ôn¨ {^©v
{]Jym--]\w', "sFIy-\m-Sp-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-tcJ' XpS-§n-b-h-bn-seÃmw
ap{Zn-X-amb Úmt\m-Zb {]Øm-\-aq-ey-§-fpsS {]hm-l-K-Xn-bn ho£n-¡p-t¼mÄ 1948 se
a\p-jym-h-Imi ]«nI Gsd ]cn-an-Xn-IÄ DÅ-Xm-sW¶p t_m²y-am-Ipw. Cu BtKmf
a\p-jym-h-Imi {]Jym-]-\-¯nsâ 18, 19 hIp-¸p-IÄ C¶s¯ temI kml-N-cy-¯nÂ
\nco-iz-c-hm-Z-s¯bpw aX-hn-aÀi\-¯n-\pÅ hyàn-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-s¯bpw
ZrVo-I-cn-¡-¯-¡hn[w IqSp-X hyàhpw kaqÀ¯-hp-am¡n amtä¬S-n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
temI-P-\-X-bn-emsI hoin-b-Sn-t¡¬S ]pXnb DWÀÆn-eqsS am{Xta AXp km[y-am-Iq F¶p \mw
a\-Ên-em-t¡--¬SXp¬S-v. 18þmw hIp-¸n Ct¸mÄ ImWp-¶Xv C§-s\-bm-Wv.
""G) kz´w a\x-km-£n¡pw
Nn´bv¡pw aX-¯n-\p-apÅ kzmX-{´y-¯n-\p-th-¬Sn-bpÅ Ah-Imiw Hmtcm-cp-¯À¡p-ap¬S-v. Cu
Ah-Im-i-¯n Xsâ aX-¯n \nt¶m, hnizm-k-¯n \nt¶m amdm\pw Xsâ aXtam hnizm-ktam
]Tn-¸n-¡m\pw {]tbm-Kn-¡m\pw Bcm[n-¡m\pw ]men-¡m\pw X\n-t¨m, aäp-Å-h-cp-ambn
kaq-l-amtbm, ]c-ky-amtbm, kzIm-cy-amtbm {]I-Sn-¸n-¡m-\pÅ kzmX-{´yhpw
DÄs¸-Sp-¶p.''
]s¯m³]Xmw
hIp¸v Xmsg ]dbpw hn[-am-Wv.
""A`n-{]mbw
cq]o-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw DÅ kzmX{´yw Hmtcm-cp-¯À¡pw D¬Sv.
A\y-C-S-s]-SepIfn-ÃmsX A`n-{]m-b-§Ä sh¨p-]p-eÀ¯m-\pw, AXn-cp-IÄ
]cn-K-Wn-¡m-sXbpw GXp am[y-a-¯n-eq-sSbpw hnh-c-§Ä tXSm\pw kzoI-cn-¡m\pw \ÂIm\pw
DÅ kzmX-{´yhpw Cu Ah-Im-i-¯n DÄs¸-Sp-¶p.''
]mIn-Øm-\nepw Cdm-\nepw am{X-a-Ã,
^e-kvXo-\n t]mepw kmap-Zm-bnI iàn-I-fpsS k½À±-¯n-\p-hn-t[-b-ambn `c-W-\nÀÆ-lW
iàn-IÄ \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Isf ]oVn-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ \½psS \m«n a\p-jym-h-Im-i-¯nsâ
s]cp-¼d sIm«p¶ ]ecpw [zwk-\-¯nsâ {]Xy-b-im-kv{X-§Ä¡p ad-]n-Sn-¡m³
AXyp-Õm-l-¯n-emWv!.
Ct¸mÄ AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ ]«n-I-bnse
Xs¶ Hmtcm hIp-¸n-sâbpw bpàn-k-l-amb \oXn-I-cWw t]mepw a\p-jym-h-Imi {]hÀ¯\
cwK¯v C¶v kPo-h-am-bn-«p-Å-hsc Htc ZmÀi-\nI ho£-W-t¯msS t_m²y-s¸-Sp-¯m³ Ign-bnÃ.
A-{]-Im-c-apÅ Hcq kÀÆmw-Ko-IrX ho£Ww km[yamI-W-sa-¦n a\p-jym-h-Im-i-§sf
kw_-Ôn¨ t_m[w hfÀ¶p-hn-I-kn-¡m³ klm-b-I-amb ZmÀi-\nI A´À²m-cbpw
kmwkv¡m-cn-I-]-cn-k-chpw Adn-ªn-cn-t¡--Xp¬S-v. temI-P-\-X-I-fnÂ
_lp-`q-cn-]-£hpw bpàn-hm-Z-¯m {]tNm-Zn-X-amb A¯cw Hcp ZmÀi-\nI ]²Xn
kzoI-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ am{Xta BtKm-fm-Sn-Øm-\-¯nepw {]mtZ-in-I-ambpw Ic-Sp-tc-J-bnÂ
]d-ªp-sh¨ DZm-¯-amb Ah-Ø-bn-te¡p hf-cm³ Ign-bq. `c-W-Iq-S-§sf ^e-{]-Z-ambn
kzm[o-\n-¡p¶ hn[w hnim-e-amb P\-Iob k½À±-§Ä¡v tijn- ssI-h-cn-¡m³ bpàn-hmZn
{]Øm-\-§Ä hym]-I-am-Ip-Ibpw Icp-¯p-t\-Sp-Ibpw sNt¿--Xp¬S-v.
am\-hn-I-Xm-hm-Zs¯ kw_-Ôn¨v \mkvXnI þ
bpàn-hmZn {]hÀ¯-IÀ ka-{K-amb t_m[w BÀÖn-¡p-I-bmWv AXn-te-¡pÅ BZy ]Sn.
DZv_p-²-cmb Hcp Iq«w ]pXnb a\p-jym-h-Imi {]hÀ¯-Isc hmÀs¯-Sp-¯p-sIm¬Sv B«n³
tXme-Wnª sN¶m-bv¡sf ]pdwXÅm³ P\m-[n-]-Xy-tI-cfw X¿m-sd-Sp-t¡¬S-n-bn-cn-¡p¶p.
t_m[-h¡-c-W-¯n-sâbpw XpSÀhn-Zym-`ym-k-¯n-sâ-bpw, Gsd-sbm¶pw Ffp-¸-a-Ãm-¯, Hcp
L«w ITn\ bXv\-¯n-eqsS hnP-b-I-c-ambn ]n¶n-Sp-¶-Xn\v hyàn-hm-Z¯n (Individualism)
sâ kmaq-ly-im-kv{X-]-c-amb {]kàn AwKo-I-cn-¡p¶ \mkvXnI þ bpàn-hmZ {]Øm-\-§Ä
kPo-h-ambn kl-I-cn-t¡--Xp¬Sv. imkv{X-t_m-[-¯n-\p-th¬Sn {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶p
F¶`nam-\n-¡p-¶-hÀ Ic-Sp-tc-J-bnse "bpàn' bpsS {]m[m\yw hyà-am-¡p¶ c¬Smw
hIp¸v BhÀ¯n¨v ]Tn-t¡--Xp¬S -v:
""X§-fpsS Nn´-I-sfbpw {]hÀ¯n-I-sfbpw e£y-t_m-[-t¯msS
{]tNm-Zn-¸n¨v Hcp temI-ho-£Ww kzmb-¯-am-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p¶ bpàn-Nn´
a\p-jy-cm-in-bpsS ]ptcm-K-Xnsb t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡p¶ kmc-h-¯mb a\p-jy-ti-jn-bm-Wv.
bpàn Nn´-bpsS \nÀÆ-l-Whpw ]cn-c-£-W-hpw, AXn-\mÂ, Hcp kzbw kn²-amb am\p-jnI
aqey-am-Wv.''
am\-hn-IXm hmZn-IÄ D¶-an-Sp¶ DÂIrjvS
kwkvIm-c-¯nsâ e£y-{]-Jym-]\w F¶ \nebv¡v a\p-jy-mh-Imi Ic-Sp-tcJ Hmtcm kzX-{´ -Nn-´-I-sâbpw
{]hÀ¯-\-]m-X-bn Znim-kq-NIw \ÂIp¶ {]am-W-tc-J-bmbn hÀ¯n-t¡¬S--Xp¬S-v.
a\p-jym-h-Im-i-{]-hÀ¯\w AXnsâ X\n-a-bpÅ ZmÀi-\nI ]Ùm-hn-eqsS ]pXnb {]bmWw
Bcw-`n-t¡¬S-nbncn-¡p-¶p.
A_vZp aPo-Zv. bp.-]n.
A_vZp aPo-Zv. bp.-]n.
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