(In order
to be able to read this article, you must have ML Karthika font installed in your computer.ഈ ലേഖനം വായിക്കാന് താങ്കളുടെ കമ്പ്യൂട്ടരില് എം എല് കാര്ത്തിക ഫോണ്ട് ഇന്സ്റ്റാള് ചെയ്തിരിക്കണം)
imkv{Xhpw Bßo-b-Xbpw
F.-tkm-f-a³
GXp ss[j-WnI NÀ¨bpw ^e-{]-Z-am-I-W-sa-¦nÂ
Nn´-bnepw hm¡p-I-fnepw hyà-X-bp-Wv-S-m-bn-cn-¡m³ {]tXyI {iaw Xs¶ Bh-iy-am-Wv.
Bßo-bX F¶ hm¡n\v ]ecpw ]e AÀ°-§fpw \ÂIn-tb-¡mw. Nne-t¸mÄ kZm-Nmc aqey-§Ä F¶
AÀ°-¯n AXp {]tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]e-t¸mgpw asäÃm aqey-§sf¡mfpw F§-s\-sb-Ãmtam
Cu Bßob aqey-§Ä, Ah F´p-Xs¶ Bbn-cp-¶m-epw, AXnsâ B´-cnI khn-ti-j-X-I-fm kzbw
Xs¶ DbÀ¶p \n¡p¶p F¶ hnh£ \ÂIm\pw {ian-¡p-¶p. "imkv{Xhpw Bßo-b-Xbpw' F¶
{]tbmKw Xs¶ Hcp sshcp-²y-am-Wv. Bßo-b-Xbv¡v imkv{Xo-b-am-Im³ Ign-bn-Ã. AXv
imkv{X-¯nsâ coXn-I-sfbpw C{µn-bm-\p-`-h-§-fpsS km[pX (Validity)
sbbpw \ncm-I-cn-¡p-¶p.
imkv{X-¯n-\v, imkv{Xob at\m-`m-h-¯n-\v,
imkv{X-t_m-[-¯n\v [mÀ½nI þ kZm-Nmc apey-§-fpsS t{kmX-Êm-Im³ Ign-bptam F¶-XmWv
bYmÀ° {]iv\w.
kaq-l-¯n [mÀ½nI kZm-Nm-c-aq-ey-§-fpsS
A`n-hr-²n-bpsS Bh-iy-I-X-bn \msaÃmw tbmPn-¡pw. hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, ZmÀi-\n-I-amb
ho£-W-¯n Bßob hmZn-Itfm `uXn-I-hm-Zn-Itfm Bb an¡-hcpw þ AhÀ aX
hnizm-kn-I-fm-bmepw AsÃ-¦nepw þ C¶p kaq-l-¯n [mÀ½nI kZm-Nmc aqey-§Ä
A{]-Xy-£-am-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶-Xn AYhm Xntcm-`-hn-¨p -sIm-Wv-S-n-cn-¡p¶p F¶-Xn Ah-cpsS
DXv¡WvT {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-h-cm-Wv. AhÀ X½n hntbm-Pn-¡p-¶Xv [mÀ½nI þ kZm-Nmc
aqey-§-fpsS t{kmXÊpw ASn-Øm-\hpw F´mWv F¶ Imcy--¯n-em-Wv. AXp-t]mse Xs¶ Ah-bpsS
A`m-h-¯n-sâbpw A]{`w-i-¯n-sâbpw Imc-W-§Ä IWvsS¯p-¶n-S-¯p-am-Wv.
Bßo-b-tam, aX-]-ctam Bb ho£-W-§-fpsS hàm-¡Ä
]£w ]nSn¨v hmZn-¡p-¶Xv [mÀ½nI þ kZm-Nmc aqey-§-fpsS t{kmXÊv aX-am-sW-¶mWv;
[mÀ½nI þ kZm-Nmc aqey-§Ä `uXn-Im-Xo-X-am-sW-¶mWv; Ah imkv{X-¯n \nt¶m, imkv{Xob
hnÚm-\-¯n \nt¶m, imkv{Xob at\m-`m-h-¯n \nt¶m hypÂ]m-Zn-¸n¡m (derive)
³ Bhn-sÃ-¶m-Wv. a\p-jy-hw-i-¯nsâ kIe bmX-\-IÄ¡pw, imkv{Xob
]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS ^e-ambn aX-hn-izm-k-¯n\v kw`-hn¨ Kvfm\n¡pw AhÀ imkv{Xs¯
`ÀÕn-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS hmZ-¯n\p Xm§mbn NqWvSn¡m-Wn-¡p-¶tXm? FÃm aX-§fpw Ah-bpsS
hnizm-k-§-fnepw kn²m-´-§-fnepw A\p-jvTm-\-§-fnepw hn`n-¶-sa-¦nepw Htc [mÀ½nI þ
kZm-Nmc aqey-§-fmWv DZvtLm-jn-¡p-¶-X-s{X.
CXp hfsc hnNn-{X-amb Hcp hmZ-KXn Xs¶-bm-Wv,
Xoˬ.
Cu ho£Ww XnI¨pw sXäm-sW¶p ]d-bm³
Rm\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p. B[p-\nI imkv{Xob hnÚm-\-¯nsâ ho£W {]Imcw a\p-jy³
{]Ir-Xn-bp-sSbpw Ncn-{X-¯n-sâbpw DÂ]-¶-am-Wv. a\p-jy³ Htc kabw `uXn-I-hpw,
kmaq-lyhpw kmwkv¡m-cn-I-hp-am-Wv. Ahsâ kIe kz`m-h-k-hn-ti-j-X-Ifpw {]Ir-Xn¡v
AI¯pw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS `mK-hp-amWv; {]Ir-Xn-bpsS \nb-a-§Ä¡v hnt[-b-hp-am-Wv. FÃm
Adn-hn-sâbpw kZm-Nmc apey-§-fp-sSbpw t{kmXÊv am\p-jnI A\p-`-h-¯nÂ
{]tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ bpàn-t_m-[-¯n-\pÅ a\p-jy-cpsS tijn-b-ÃmsX asäm-¶p-a-Ã.
kZm-Nmc \nb-a-§fpw [mÀ½nI aqey-§fpw kmaqly Pohn-X-¯n-sâbpw hyàn-IÄ X½n¯½n-epÅ
_Ô-§-fp-sSbpw ^e-ambn cq]-s¸-Sp-¶-h-bm-Wv.
FÃm AwK-§fpw \nb-a-§Ä ]men-¡-W-sa-¶v, kXys¯
am\n-¡-W-sa-¶v,- kXyw ]d-b-W-sa-¶v, DbÀ¶ hyàym-XoX XmÂ]-cy-§Ä¡v k¦p-NnX hyàn
XmÂ]-cy-§Ä Iogvs¸-Sp-¯-W-sa¶v, aäp a\p-jy-cpsS kam-\-amb Ah-Im-i-§-fn ssIt¿äw
\S-¯m-¯- Im-e-t¯mfw BÀ¡pw B\-µ-{]-Z-ambn Pohn-¡m-\pÅ Ah-Imiw AwKo-I-cn-¡-W-sa¶v
kaqlw A`n-e-£n-¡p¶p; lnµp, apÉnw, IrkvXy³, PqX³, skm-cm-jv{Sn-b³ AsÃ-¦nÂ
atä-sX-¦nepw aX-¯n hniz-kn-¡p-¶-h³, AXp-a-sÃ-¦n Hcp aX-¯nepw hniz-kn-¡m-¯-h³
þ Btcm BIs« þ FÃm AwK-§-fn \n¶pw kaqlw CsXms¡ {]Xo-£n-¡p¶p. kZm-Nmc
XXz-§-fpsSbpw [mÀ½nI aqey-§-fp-sSbpw Imcy-¯n aXw A{]-k-à-am-Wv. hmkvX-h-¯nÂ
[mÀ½nI þ kZm-Nmc aqey-§-fpsS hnIm-k-amWv aX-hn-izm-k-§-sfbpw BNm-c-§-sfbpw
kwkv¡-cn-¨Xpw ip²o-I-cn-¨-Xpw.
`À¯mhv acn-¡p-t¼mÄ ]c-tem-I¯v At±-ls¯
]cn-N-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn `mcybpw acn-t¡--------WvS-Xm-sW¶ hnizm-k-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ
"kXn' F¶ t]cn Hcp aXm-Nmcw \ne-\n-¶n-cp¶p hn[-h-Isf Poh-t\msS
Np«p-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-Xn-cmb [mÀ½n-I-amb Ah-Ú-bmWv Cu aXm-Nmcw
\nÀ¯-em-¡p-¶-Xn-te¡p \bn-¨-Xv.
Rm³ tNmZn-¡m-\m-{K-ln-¡p¶p: \nco-£-Ww,
]co-£-Ww, tNmZyw sN¿Â, hnaÀi\w F¶o imkv{Xob kao-]-\-§-sfbpw imkv{X-s¯bpw
ASn-¨-aÀ¯n-b, AÔ-hn-izmk bpK-§-fnse [mÀ½nI aqey-§-fpsS Ah-Øsb´mbn-cp¶p? Rm³
kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv Ncn-{X-¯nse bpK-§-sf-bmWv; AÃmsX `mh-\-bn am{X-apÅ kuhÀW
`qX-Im-e-s¯-b-Ã.
hnÚm-\-t¯m-sSm¸w hnth-I-¯nepw a\p-jy³
hnI-kn-¨n-sÃ-¦nÂ, hnÚm-\-¯nse hfÀ¨ Zpcn-X-¯nse hfÀ¨-bm-bn-¯o-cp-sa¶ _À{Sm³Uv
dÊ-ensâ Hcp {]kvXmhw D²-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p. F¶m Hcn-S¯pw At±lw imkv{Xs¯
Xmgv¯n-s¡-«m³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶-hÀ [z\n-¸n-¡m³ {ian-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse hnÚm-\w, hnin-jy,
imkv{Xob hnÚm\w CÃmsX hnthIw DWvSmIpw F¶pw ]d-ªn-«n-Ã. hnth-I-¯n-te-¡pÅ ]mX-bmbn
aX-¯n-sâbpw KqVmÀ°-hm-Z¯nsâbpw Nn´-IÀ D]-tZ-in-¨p-X-cp-¶-Xm-I-s«, euIn-I-amb
Adnhpw kmaq-ly-amb D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯zhpw \nc-kn-¨p-sImWvS v lnam-e-b-¯n-tet¡m
h\m-´-c-§-fn-tet¡m `uXn-Im-Xo-X-hp-ambn kwh-Zn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-thWvSn t]mbv
ad-b-W-sa-¶m-Wv. Cu Ah-Øtbm? am\p-jn-I-amb kIe kZm-Nmc þ [mÀ½nI aqey-§-fp-sSbpw
]qÀ®-amb Xntcm-`mhw Xs¶-bmWp Xm\pw.
hnhn[ aX-§-fn Hmtcm¶pw Ah
D¶-bn-¡-s¸-Sp-Itbm cq]-sa-Sp-¡p-Itbm sNbvX Imes¯ khn-ti-j-amb Ncn-{X-]-chpw
kmaq-ly-hp-amb Ah-Ø-bm \nÀW-bn-¡-s¸« Hcp PohnX ho£-Whpw Hcp Iq«w hnizm-k-§fpw
Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ChnsS AXn-Po-h\w km[n-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn Cu temIs¯ a\-Ên-em-¡m-\pw,
Pohn-X-¯nsâ {]k-ànbpw kmwK-Xyhpw IWvs-S¯m-\pÅ At\z-j-W-¯nepw a\p-jy-\pÅ
_p²n-]-chpw sshIm-cn-I-hp-amb Bh-iy-I-X-tbm-SpÅ Hcp {]Xn-I-c-W-am-bn-«mWv aXw
DbÀ¶p-h-¶Xv. F¶mÂ, kXym-t\z-j-W-¯n-\pÅ Hcp D]-I-cWw F¶ \ne-bn A\p-`-h-§-fn-epw,
AkvXn-Xz-¯nsâ {]iv\-§Ä a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xnepw bpàn-bpsS {]tbm-K-tijn
Xnc-kv¡-cn-¡-s¸-«-sX-t¸m-sf-Ãm-am-tWm, AtXm-sS, bYmÀ°-¯n AkvXn-Xz-¯nsâ
ZÀi-\-§-fm-bn-cp¶ hnhn[ aX-§Ä AÔ-amb hnizm-k-¯nepw B[n-Im-cnI {]am-W-§-fnepw
ASn-bp-d-¸n-¨, tNmZyw sN¿-s¸-Sm-\m-hm¯ apc-S³ ]£-]m-X-§-fmbn amdn. aXw, C¶v,
kmaq-lyhpw kmwkv¡m-cn-I-hp-amb ]ptcm-K-Xn¡v XS-Ê-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
imkv{Xw kpL-SnX hnÚm-\-am-Wv. AXv
bpàn-bp-sSbpw \oco-£-W-¯n-sâbpw ]co-£-W-¯n-sâbpw ]cn-tim-[-\bv¡p hnt[bamWv.
imkv{Xw \ap¡p hnÚm\w Xcp¶p. imkv{Xob hnÚm-\-¯n A[n-jvTn-X-amb Hcp
ka-{K-tem-I-ho-£Ww F¶ hnh-£-bn ZÀi\w \ap¡p hnthIw {]Zm\w sN¿p-¶p.
AXn-Po-h-\-¯n\pw B[p-\nI temI-¯nse AkvXn-Xz-¯nsâ shÃp-hn-fn-Isf t\cn-Sm\pw,
A¯cw Hcp PohnX ZÀi\w (Philosophy of living) Bh-iy-am-Wv.
`uXn-Im-XoX Úm\-¯nsâ an¡ hàm-¡fpw
Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-¶Xv thZ-§Ä, ss__nÄ, IpÀ-B³ XpS-§nb ]pWy-{K-Ù-§-fn {]tbm-Kn-¡-s¸«
]Z-§Ä sImv IrXy-ambpw F´mWv Dt±-in-¡-s¸-«-sX¶v X§Ä¡-dnbmw F¶mWv. Hcp ]s£,
AhÀ¡v kÀÆ-i-à-\p-am-bn Bib hn\n-a-b-¯n\v t\cn _Ôn-¸n-¡p¶ D]m[n (a
direct line of communication) Fs´-¦nepw DWvS m-bn-cn-¡mw.
imkv{X-t¯m-sSm, imkv{X-t_m-[-t¯msSm {]Xn-_-Ô-X-bp-Å-hÀ A¯cw A{]-am-Zn¯¯nsâ
Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-§-sfm¶pw D¶-bn-¡p-¶n-Ã. imkv{X-¯n-eq-sSbpw ZÀi-\-¯n-eq-sSbpw
kZm-Nm-c-aq-ey-§-fpsS A`yp-¶-Xn-¡p- thWvSnbpw a\pjy hwi-¯nsâ t£a-¯n-\p- -thWvSnbpw
kXyhpw Úm\hpw hnth-Ihpw tXSp-¶-Xn kwXr-]vX-cm-W-hÀ.
Hcp Ccp-«-d-bn AÔ-\mb Hcp a\p-jy³
AXn-\-I-¯n-Ãm¯ Hcp Idp¯ ]q¨sb ]c-Xp-¶-Xp -t]m-se-bmWv XXz-imkv{Xw F¶p NneÀ Hcp
]s£ D]-an-t¨-¡mw. F¶m Ipg¸w asäm-¶m-Wv. Bßo-b-hmZ ]£-¡m-cmb \½psS kplr-¯p-¡Ä
Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-¶Xv CÃm¯ B Idp¯ ]q¨sb AhÀ IWvs-S¯n¡gn-ªn-cn-¡p¶p F¶mWv!
("im-kv{X-t_m-[hpw
Bßob aqey-§fpw' F¶ hnj-bs¯ B[m-c-am¡n s\lvdp skâdpw t_mws_-bnse `mc-Xob
hnZym-`-h\pw 1983 P\p-hcn 22, 23 Xnb-Xn-I-fn \S-¯nb skan-\m-dn Ah-X-cn-¸n¨
{]kvXm-h-\-bm-Wn-Xv. {io.-F.-tkm-f-a³ ]q\-bnse C´y³ skIyp-eÀ skmssk-än-bpsS
{]kn-Uv Bbn-cp¶p. "Zn skIyp-e-dnÌv' amkn-I-tbmSv IS-¸m-Sv.)
`mjm-´cw :
A_vZp aPo-Zv.-bp.]n.
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